%deffont "standard" xfont "helvetica-medium-r", vfont "goth" %deffont "typewriter" xfont "courier-medium-r", vfont "goth" %default 1 bgrad 0 0 256 0 0 "darkblue" "blue", font "typewriter" %default 1 fore "white", center, size 7, vgap 100 %default 2 left, size 5, vgap 80 %tab 1 vgap 80, prefix " ", icon box "green" 50 %tab 2 vgap 80, prefix " ", icon arc "yellow" 50 %tab 3 vgap 80, prefix " ", icon delta3 "white" 40 %page %nodefault, bgrad 0 0 256 0 0 "darkblue" "blue", fore "white", vgap 80 %font "typewriter" %center, size 8 The Debian Project %size 5 and the %size 8 Evolution of the Free Software Concept %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Structure of this talk What is Free Software Free Software evolution What is Debian History of Debian Evolution continues %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page What is Free Software? Debian Free Software Guidelines: %size 5 Free Redistribution Source code must be included Derived works must be allowed Integrity restrictions of source No discrimination Distribution under same License License must not contaminate License must not be Debian-specific %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Free Software History %size 5 acamedia & hackers, everything was free late 1960's: distinction between users and programmers, first complex OSes AT&T developers create Unix, free for academia. late 1970's: big academic Unix projects: X and networking. Both are free mid 1980's: AT&T split, Unix goes commercial, legal battle over BSD Unix Richard Stallman starts the FSF %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page FS History continued %size 5 late 1980's: last tainted BSD code replaced 1991: Linus Torvalds buys a 386 first distributions emerge, the web is born 1993: project for an open Linux distribution starts: Debian 1998: Open Source term coined, OSI created netscape opens browser May: oracle and informix are not planning to support Linux. Linux support for Ingres announced %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page FS History continued %size 5 July 1998: doubts about Windows 2000 Oracle and Informix annnounce Linux support, Linus on forbes cover Sep: IBM announced DB2 for Linux and contributes Haifa to egcs Intel and Netscape invest in RH Microsoft refers to Linux in trial Corel says WP8 will be free for personal use 144.000 Mexican schools will use Linux Nov: Halloween documents %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page FS History continued %size 4 Dec 1998: SGI joins Linux International Sun announces Linux on ultrasparc support Linux sales growth in 1998 estimated at more then 200% IBM releases AFS anb DB2 beta for Linux IBM releases Jikes and Secure Mailer using semi-free licenses Jan 1999: Lotus announces Notes and Domino servers for Linux Feb 1999: IBM joins Linux International March 1999: Apple announces it will release part of their new OS under APSL May 1999: Corel announces CDL %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Why this change? %size 5 Could Free Software be the next step in software evolution? Are we going to make Microsoft obsolete? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Advantages of FS %size 5 no `security through obscurity' distiction between users and developers blurs, evolution from user -> power user -> contributor -> developer `Debugging is parallelisable' more code reuse possible you are never dependent on a vendor not marketing-driven %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page FS `issues' %size 5 not marketing driven not deadline-driven development may branch and merge %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page %size 8 Free Software right now %size 5, vgap 20 Free Software has suddenly become very popular (Apache, the GIMP, Linux, samba). Commercial interest as well: sponsoring development selling %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page What is Debian? Debian is... %size 5 `an association of individuals who have made common cause to create a free operating system.' Creator of a Linux distribution for alpha, i386, m68k and sparc. (HURD distribution is being developed) The only major fully community- developed distribution (506 developers now) Consists entirely of free software, much of it from the GNU project. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Debian right now %size 5 One of the most popular Linux distributions The largest distribution Works with companies to develop new software Focused on freedom %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Current Debian release %size 5 Kernel 2.0.36, glibc2.0 based official support for alpha, i386, m68k and sparc. Also runs on arm and powerpc. full libc5 runtime and development environment 2254 packages, all complying with Debian policy Debian-specific extensions %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page %size 7 Debian-specific software %size 5 apt (A Package Tool) new package-management system, can upgrade any system using 2 commands menu system install a package once and it appears in all menus MIME registration install a package and it is registered in mailcap and mime.types documentation systems All documentation is registered and can be browsed and searched through a single interface %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Debian history %size 5 started in 1993 by Ian Murdock as an attempt to create a distribution `in the spirit of Linux and GNU'. 1993: Pioneered package concept 1994: reorganized so others can contribute dpkg got relations debbugs was made mailinglists created 1995: first release with new structure. 1996: Bruce Perens became project leader %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Debian history %size 5 1997: social contract and Debian Free Software Guidelines 1997: SPI was created 1998: Ian Jackson became project leader 1998: constitution is created 1999: Wichert Akkerman became project leader March 1999: commercial interest in Debian, partnership with Corel June 1999: new logo was chosen %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% # %page # The new logos # # # %center # %image "logos.gif" %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page %vgap 50 Debian growth-rate %size 4, vgap 40 November 1995: 0.93r6 60 developers June 1996: 1.1 Buzz 474 packages December 1996: 1.2 Rex 848 packages, 120 developers July 1997: 1.3 Bo 974 packages, 200 developers July 1998: 2.0 Hamm i386 and m68k 1500+ packages, 400+ developers March 1999: 2.1 Slink alpha, i386, m68k and sparc 2254 packages, 450+ developers ? 1999: 2.2 Potato alpha, i386, m68k, powerpc and sparc 3000+ packages, 500+ developers %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Debian structure %size 5 The Debian project is run under the legal umbrella of SPI Social Contract and non-profit status guarantees free software and quality focus Constitution gives us a structure Consists of packages, maintained by individual developers (bazaar of cathedrals) Policy ensures integration and adherence to standards Public mailinglists, everybody can see what we are doing and comment Public bugtracking system %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Debian maintainers %size 5 Everything is done by maintainers: build packages, integrate with Debian, prodive extras (eximconfig) Determine policy Give feedback to upstream developers Lobby for licenses (ncftp, ircii) Help users Provide first-line bugtracking %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Debian officers %size 5 In order to handle a project this size there are also a couple of officers: Project Leader Project Secretary Technical Committee %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Evolution continues %size 5 This is only the beginning! We are working on some exciting projects: updating the package manager configuration management easy graphical install Also new areas are explored: working with companies new distributions (HURD) %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Problems to solve %size 5 Free Software: new semi-free licenses closed hardware patents Debian: Growth problems: handling hundreds developers handling thousands of packages handling multiple architectures %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %page Recommended reading %size 4 http://www.debian.org/ http://www.debian.org/social_contract.html http://www.debian.org/Bugs/ http://www.fsf.org/ http://www.gnu.org/ http://www.freepatents.org/ http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/ ~ijackson/sane98-talk.ps